flowchart TD
    A["Global Scope"]
    B["Module 1"]
    C["Module 2"]
    D["Module 3"]

    A --> B
    A --> C
    A --> D

    Note["Sharing via global scope causes coupling"]
    style A fill:#ff9900

// In a browser, the global scope is 'window'
var globalVar = 'I am global';
console.log(window.globalVar); // 'I am global' (in browser)

// In Node.js, the global scope is 'global'
// In ES modules, top-level scope is module scope

// ❌ Global pollution
let count = 0;
function increment() { count++; } // modifies global

// ✅ Encapsulated
function createCounter() {
  let count = 0;
  return () => count++;
}