• Everything in JS happens inside the execution context. Imagine a sealed-off container inside which JS runs. It is an abstract concept that hold info about the env. within the current code is being executed.

flowchart TB
    subgraph EC["Execution Context"]
        direction TB
        Memory["💾 Memory Component
(Variable Environment)

Variables stored as
key-value pairs

var n = undefined
function square = {code}
var square2 = undefined
"]
        Code["⚡ Code Component
(Thread of Execution)

Code executed
one line at a time

1. n = 2
2. square2 = square(n)
3. ...
"]
    end

    Memory --> Code

    style EC fill:#1e293b,color:#fff
    style Memory fill:#7c3aed,color:#fff
    style Code fill:#059669,color:#fff

• In the container the first component is memory component and the 2nd one is code component

• Memory component has all the variables and functions in key value pairs. It is also called Variable environment.

• Code component is the place where code is executed one line at a time. It is also called the Thread of Execution.

• JS is a synchronous, single-threaded language

  • Synchronous:- One command at a time.
  • Single-threaded:- In a specific synchronous order.

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