Data fetching in the App Router is fundamentally different from the Pages Router. Server Components can fetch data directly using fetch() or database clients, without needing API routes. This module covers patterns for fetching data efficiently — parallel fetching, sequential fetching, streaming, error handling, and revalidation strategies.

Efficient data fetching is critical for application performance. Poor patterns lead to:

• Waterfall requests — Data fetching one after another instead of in parallel
• Over-fetching — Fetching more data than needed
• Loading states — Multiple spinners instead of progressive loading
• Cache misses — Data fetched repeatedly instead of reused

By the end of this module, you will be able to:

• Fetch data directly in Server Components using fetch and database clients
• Implement parallel and sequential data fetching patterns
• Handle loading states, errors, and empty states
• Use Route Handlers for data fetching in Client Components
• Implement client-side data fetching with SWR and TanStack Query

• Fetching data in Server Components
• Parallel and sequential data fetching
• Error handling and revalidation
• Client-side data fetching patterns

8-10 hours